Motion for Sanctions – Page 37 – Electronic Discovery Law

GN Netcom v. Plantronics, Inc., No. 12-1318-LPS, 2016 WL 3792833 (D. Del. July 12, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Where a senior executive deleted massive amounts of email and instructed others to do the same despite a duty to preserve and the company?s issuance of a litigation hold, the court indicated that the company?s efforts did not absolve it of all responsibility for the failures of a member of its senior management (and noted the company?s own bad conduct in litigating the deletion issue, including its initial refusal to disclose the identity of its forensic expert) and concluded that reasonable steps were not taken to preserve and found that the deletions were in bad faith and prejudicial to the Plaintiff and imposed sanctions including monetary sanctions in the form of reasonable fees and costs, punitive sanctions in the amount of $3 million and a permissive adverse inference

Nature of Case: Antitrust

Electronic Data Involved: email

First Amer. Title Ins. Co. v. N.W. Title Ins. Agency, LLC, No. 2:15-cv-00229, 2016 WL 4548398 (D. Utah Aug. 31, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Court concluded that Defendants ?taking steps? to start a competing company even if it was known that starting the company ?would be contentious and actively opposed? was insufficient to establish imminent litigation triggering a duty to preserve (note that imminence is the test in the 10th Cir.); court assessed requests for sanctions as to multiple sources of ESI and largely denied those motions absent evidence of prejudice or that the information could not be restored or replaced but did impose sanctions for non-party employee of Defendants? loss of potentially relevant ESI and hard copy taken from Plaintiff (both assessed ?under the same rubric of Rule 37?) and ordered that the parties would be permitted to present evidence of the spoliation to the jury

Electronic Data Involved: ESI & hardcopy

Barnett v. Deere & Co., No. 2:15-CV-2-KS-MTP, 2016 WL 4544052 (S.D. Miss. Aug. 31, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Applying 5th Circuit common law (but acknowledging the outcome of the motion would not change under recently-amended Rule 37(e)), the court declined to impose sanctions for the destruction of relevant documents pursuant to Defendant?s document retention policy at a time when there was no duty to preserve and, in its discussion of bad faith, noted that the court ?does ?not draw an inference of bad faith when documents are destroyed under a routine policy??

Nature of Case: Product liability

Electronic Data Involved: ESI, including committee minutes and product testing documents

Browder v. Albuquerque, No. CIV 13-0599 RB/KBM, 2016 WL 3946801 (D.N.M. July 20, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Where relevant video was lost as a result of mistakes made by representatives of the defendant who were attempting to pull and preserve the video from the recording system for the first time and where CDs with the footage ?vanished,? the court reasoned that the errors were symptoms of a ?larger problem: an inadequate information management and evidence retention policy? (a point it relied on significantly in its discussion of culpability) and also found that the plaintiff was prejudiced and imposed sanctions allowing Plaintiff to present evidence that the video existed and was lost through negligence and indicated that if Defendant attempted to elicit testimony from a deputy regarding what he saw on the video (that was viewed by several of defendant?s representatives before it was lost), the jury would be instructed to make any inference they believed was appropriate; the court also ordered Defendant to pay Plaintiff?s expenses and fees incurred in bringing the motion

Nature of Case: Traffic accident involving a police officer

Electronic Data Involved: Video footage

Ferrara Bros. Bldg. Materials Corp. v. FMC Constr. LLC, 54 Misc.3d 529 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Plaintiff, arguing Defendant?s contract was backdated, moved for sanctions after Defendant discarded computers (2 years after the action commenced) containing native information and system metadata for the contract at issue. The contract?s creation date was at issue in this case and Defendant had not indicated that it preserved the metadata before discarding the computers (which was not a regular or automatic event but rather a ?curiously fortuitous occurrence?). In considering sanctions, the court concluded that Defendant?s submission of an affidavit indicating that the computers were replaced and discarded did not ?rebut the presumption that Casa was negligent, even grossly negligent? and found that a negative inference at trial would be ?sufficient to strike a balance between the need to ameliorate any prejudice related from the destruction of the computer system, and the absence of demonstrable willfulness ??

Nature of Case: Breach of contract

Electronic Data Involved: Metadata

Stinson v. City of New York, No. 10 Civ. 4228(RWS), 2016 WL 54684 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 5, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Court found Defendants? discovery failures, including failing to implement a litigation hold for three years, failing to adequately communicate the hold, and failure to ensure compliance with the litigation hold were grossly negligent and imposed a permissive adverse inference as a sanction; court?s analysis included the admonition that ?the reasonableness or unreasonableness of one party?s demands does not determine the scope of the other party?s obligation to preserve documents?

Nature of Case: Class action civil rights

Electronic Data Involved: ESI: email, text messages, har copy

Terral v. Ducote, No. 15-2366, 2016 WL 5017328 (W.D. La. Sept. 19, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Where pro se prisoner sought production of video footage of the alleged use of excessive force but failed to request the video or file a grievance for 30 days and the tape was recorded over, the court found that Plaintiff had failed to demonstrate that Defendant had not taken reasonable steps to preserve the footage or that Defendant acted with the intent to deprive and denied the motion for sanctions

Nature of Case: Pro se prisoner defendant, excessive force

Electronic Data Involved: Video footage

Benefield v. MStreet Entm?t, LLC, No. 3:13-cv-1000, 2016 WL 374568 (M.D. Tenn. Feb. 1, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Where, despite a request from Plaintiff?s counsel to preserve all communications between plaintiff and defendants or their employees AND Defendants? OWN REQUEST that Plaintiff preserve information from her cellular phones, Defendants failed to preserve potentially relevant text messages, the court rejected defendants? arguments that ?due to the nature of text message communications and the cellular devices they are stored on?a requirement to preserve text messages from private cellular phones is unduly burdensome and an invasion of privacy? and found that the messages should have been preserved and indicated that a ?spoliation instruction to the jury? would be given at trial but declined to preclude defendants? reliance on plaintiff?s text messages at trial or to order defendants to pay fees and cost associated with the extraction of plaintiffs? text messages from her own phone

Nature of Case: Employment

Electronic Data Involved: Text messages

Shaffer v. Gaither, No. 5:14-cv-00106-MOC-DSC (W.D.N.C. Sept. 1, 2016)

Dec 01 2016

Key Insight: Court found dismissal was a disproportionate sanction for failure to preserve text messages lost when phone was dropped and broken but did conclude that Plaintiff and her counsel failed to take ?reasonable steps to preserve? those texts which resided only on Plaintiff?s phone, reasoning that ?[o]nce it is clear that a litigant has ESI that is relevant to reasonably anticipated litigation, steps should be taken to preserve that material, such as printing out the texts, making an electronic copy of such texts, cloning the phone, or even taking possession of the phone and instructing the client to simply get another one?; court indicated defendant would be free to examine witnesses who had read the texts and explore the circumstances surrounding their destruction and further indicated that the court had not ruled out a spoliation instruction, an option reserved until after the court heard the evidence at trial

Nature of Case: Employment litigation

Electronic Data Involved: Explicit text messages

McQueen v. Aramark Corp. – 201611 (D. Utah, 2016)

Nov 29 2016

Key Insight: Sanctions imposed after defendant’s failure to preserve relevant ESI after receiving a preservation letter from plaintiff.

Nature of Case: Wrongful death.

Electronic Data Involved: ESI work orders and related paper records.

Keywords: Defendant acted with gross negligence, but without intent to deprive the plaintiff of the information’s use in the litigation.

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